— Comparing Japan, Canada, the US, Mexico, and Brazil —
Introduction
As global business expands, collaborations between Japan and countries in North and South America are becoming more common. However, each country has its own unique business etiquette and cultural expectations. What’s considered common sense in Japan may come as a surprise elsewhere—and vice versa. Here’s a scene-by-scene comparison of business manners in Japan, Canada, the United States, Mexico, and Brazil to help you build trust and work smoothly across borders.
1. Greetings, Business Cards, and First Impressions
Japan
- Bowing is the standard form of greeting.
- Business cards are exchanged politely with both hands.
- People are addressed by title and company name upon first meeting.
Canada
- Handshakes and eye contact are the norm.
- Business cards are exchanged as needed, but with less formality than in Japan.
- Most people use first names.
United States
- Handshakes, bright smiles, and direct eye contact are common.
- Business cards are shared casually and only when relevant.
- First names are almost always used, even in business.
Mexico
- Handshakes and direct eye contact are standard; close colleagues may hug or greet with a cheek kiss.
- Business cards are exchanged, but not in a highly formal way.
- Titles or last names may be used, but first names are common as relationships develop.
Brazil
- Handshakes are typical, but hugs and cheek kisses are common among friends or after relationships are built.
- Business cards are exchanged, but the focus is more on conversation and rapport.
- First names are often used in a friendly, open manner.
2. Meetings, Negotiations, and Decision-Making
Japan
- Emphasis on consensus-building and careful decision-making.
- Participants speak modestly and respect hierarchy.
- Silence is seen as thoughtful, not uncomfortable.
Canada
- Meetings encourage open dialogue; everyone is invited to share their views.
- Consensus matters, but efficiency is valued.
- Decisions are generally made quickly after discussion.
United States
- Direct, assertive opinions and clear communication are prized.
- Meetings are efficient and focused on quick decisions.
- Individual contributions and achievements are highly valued.
Mexico
- Hierarchical structure: final decisions are often made by senior leaders.
- Meetings may start with small talk and relationship-building.
- Open disagreement is rare; harmony is preferred.
Brazil
- Meetings are warm and sociable, often with lively discussions.
- Relationships and emotions are important; debates may be passionate.
- Decision-making is usually top-down but input from all is welcomed.
3. Dress Code and Appearance
Japan
- Conservative suits and ties are the standard.
- Clean, subtle colors are preferred.
Canada
- Business casual is common, but suits are worn for formal occasions.
- Cleanliness and dressing appropriately for the setting are valued.
United States
- Business casual is the norm in many industries, but suits are still recommended for important meetings.
- A personal touch or individuality in style is often appreciated.
Mexico
- Formal attire is favored, often with a bit more color or flair.
- In warmer regions, lighter clothing is accepted, but neatness is essential.
Brazil
- Suits are standard, especially in business districts, but bright colors and stylish accessories are welcome.
- In hot climates, ties may be optional and lighter fabrics preferred.
4. Communication Styles
Japan
- Indirect communication and “reading the air” (awareness of unspoken cues) are valued.
- Direct refusals are avoided.
Canada
- Friendly, polite, and open communication style.
- Direct but respectful sharing of opinions.
United States
- Straightforward, clear, and confident communication is standard.
- Feedback is often candid and direct.
Mexico
- Expressive, warm, and often accompanied by gestures.
- Open disagreement is avoided, but opinions are still clearly conveyed.
Brazil
- Friendly, open, and emotional conversations are common.
- Expressing passion and enthusiasm is seen as positive.
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5. Business Meals and Socializing
Japan
- Attention to seating order and proper toasting etiquette.
- Pouring drinks for superiors is polite.
Canada
- Business lunches are relaxed; alcohol is limited.
- Small talk, even about personal topics, is welcome.
United States
- Lunch meetings are common; alcohol is rarely consumed.
- Meals are often quick and focused on business.
Mexico
- Meals are vital for building relationships.
- Long lunches or dinners with drinks are common and seen as a chance to bond.
Brazil
- Socializing over meals is key to trust-building.
- Meals are lively and cheerful, with lots of conversation and laughter.
Conclusion
Business etiquette in North and South America can be quite different from Japan’s. Each country offers its own style of communication, relationship-building, and professionalism. By learning about and respecting these differences, you can foster stronger partnerships and expand your global opportunities.
Do your research, be open-minded, and enjoy the diverse world of international business!
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